2024 APEC LEADERS’ MACHU PICCHU DECLARATION
We, the Economic Leaders of APEC, met in Lima, Peru, on November 16, 2024. Under the APEC theme of “Empower. Include. Grow.,” we continue to work towards achieving the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 for an open dynamic, resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040, including through the implementation of the Aotearoa Plan of Action, for the prosperity of all our people and future generations. Our efforts this year, carried out across the Peruvian cities of Lima, Arequipa, Urubamba, Trujillo, and Pucallpa, aimed to ensure that all our people can enjoy the benefits of inclusive economic growth, by maximizing opportunities for all, while addressing the most pressing economic challenges.
Unprecedented and rapid changes continue to shape the world today. They present a challenge in terms of adjusting our economies to take advantage of new opportunities while minimizing the risks they pose. In this regard, we note the significant changes affecting areas such as trade and investment, environment, including climate change, food security and energy security. Effective multilateral cooperation is even more important in this context.
As the premier forum for regional economic cooperation, as well as a modern, innovative and effective incubator of ideas, APEC has provided tangible and practical contributions to addressing the challenges our region has faced. Upholding APEC as a dynamic and resilient forum for dialogue and economic cooperation, based on its voluntary, non-binding and consensus-building principles, is of paramount importance for our economies. We reaffirm our commitment to ensuring that the Asia-Pacific remains the world’s most dynamic and interconnected region.
Building on previous progress, this year we have made concrete achievements in advancing an inclusive and sustainable economic growth agenda. In this context, we welcome the Ministerial-level deliberations of the 2024 sectorial meetings and welcome the corresponding consensus Statements, including those on Women and the Economy, Women and Trade, Trade, Tourism, Energy, Food Security, Health, Small and Medium Enterprises, Mining, Finance, and the APEC Ministerial Meeting. We also welcome the consensus ministerial and high-level deliverables, including the APEC Policy Guidance to Develop and Implement Clean and Low-carbon Hydrogen Policy Frameworks in the Asia-Pacific, the Trujillo Principles for Preventing and Reducing Food Loss and Waste in the Asia-Pacific Region, and the Finance Ministers’ Process’ Sustainable Finance Initiative.
We acknowledge the importance of, and will continue to work to deliver a free, open, fair, non-discriminatory, transparent, inclusive and predictable trade and investment environment. We reaffirm our support for the rules-based multilateral trading system, with the WTO at its core, and remain committed to working toward necessary WTO reform, in order to improve all of its functions. We will continue working constructively towards the full implementation of the MC13 outcomes, and we recall our commitment at MC13 to accelerate discussions with other WTO members with the view to having a fully and well-functioning dispute settlement system accessible to all members by 2024. We reaffirm our support for the prompt entry into force of the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies and the conclusion of negotiations on further disciplines. We recognize the positive role of multilateral and plurilateral negotiations and discussions at the WTO, including Joint Statement Initiatives.
We reaffirm our commitment to advancing Phase Three of the Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan and enhancing supply chain connectivity to minimize adverse effects of disruptions, lower costs, facilitate trade and investment in the aim of establishing secure, resilient, sustainable, inclusive supply chains, and encourage capacity building to support these efforts. We will accelerate the full implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement and promote trade facilitation through the use of digitalization, automation, international standards where relevant, while strengthening border agency cooperation through existing mechanisms. We aim to enhance transparency, efficiency, and reliability of trade by improving single window systems, digitalizing key processes, and promoting cross-border paperless trade, including through exchanging information on different paperless trade systems, electronic authentication and the recognition of electronic trade-related documents, such as the electronic bill of lading and electronic invoice.
We reiterate and support our commitment to advance economic integration in the Asia-Pacific region in a manner that is market-driven, and in line with the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 and the relevant collective actions of the APA. To advance this work, we endorse the Ichma Statement on A New Look at the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) agenda, through which we acknowledge previous documents and will continue to foster a regional trade and investment environment that is both adaptable and responsive to emerging global challenges and the evolving needs of our economies.
We acknowledge the convening of the 2024 APEC Women and the Economy Forum (WEF) and the first Joint Meeting of Ministers Responsible for Women and Ministers Responsible for Trade. We welcome these efforts to accelerate the full implementation of the La Serena Roadmap for Women and Inclusive Growth and to achieving gender equality and advancing women's economic empowerment in the Asia-Pacific region. We recognize the importance of developing and implementing policies, strategies and structural reforms that address gender equality and the multiple and disproportionate barriers faced by women and girls of diverse backgrounds. We acknowledge the significant contribution of women in driving innovations and growth across a wide spectrum of economic fields, including STEM fields and creative industries as well as trade and entrepreneurship. We note the importance of cooperation on gender and climate change. We will explore further ways to actively encourage the development of initiatives and strategies to prevent and respond to gender-based violence and discrimination against all women and girls. We acknowledge the importance of empowering those facing structural barriers to achieve their economic potential. We also acknowledge the valuable contributions to inclusive economic growth of Indigenous Peoples as appropriate.
We recognize the importance of structural reform in achieving sustainable and inclusive growth. We reaffirm our commitment to the Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform (EAASR) and welcome the progress to develop the “Strengthened and Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform” (SEAASR) 2026-2030”. To advance APEC’s economic reform agenda, we look forward to the 4th Structural Reform Ministerial Meeting, to be held in the Republic of Korea in 2025.
We welcome the initiatives, discussions, good practices and experiences shared this year as part of the priority “Innovation and digitalization to promote the transition to the formal and global economy”, recognizing that increasing engagement by informal economic actors in the formal and global economies, can improve the prospects of inclusive and sustainable economic growth of our economies. We also acknowledge the significance of integrating all relevant economic actors into the formal economy and enabling their participation into regional and global markets. In this regard, we endorse the Lima Roadmap to Promote the Transition to the Formal and Global Economies (2025-2040) and we look forward to its further implementation beginning in 2025.
We recognize that digital transformation and innovation can be key drivers of economic growth, and positively contribute to inclusion as they foster reducing the digital divides, including the gender digital divide, enabling MSMEs to become more competitive, specialized and innovative to support their integration into global value chains, ensuring all economic actors have access to economic benefits. We are committed to advancing digital transformation across the APEC region, including through the implementation of the APEC Internet and Digital Economy Roadmap (AIDER), recognizing its critical role in enhancing digital connectivity. In line with AIDER, we will cooperate on facilitating the flow of data, while recognizing the importance of privacy and personal data protection, and strengthening consumer and business trust in digital transactions. We are committed to support an enabling, open, fair, non-discriminatory, safer and more inclusive digital ecosystem. In this regard, we will welcome policies that support the development of digital infrastructure, literacy and skills, so that all our people can fully participate in, and benefit from, the digital economy. We recognize the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for driving innovation, promoting sustainable economic growth, and transforming various aspects of daily life across our economies. We look forward to continuing initiatives such as the Digital Month in 2023 and the Digital Week in 2024 and recognize the value of the contributions made, including efforts to reduce the digital divide in the APEC region. Building on previous work, we are committed to promoting intellectual property rights through policies and programs that advance innovation and creativity. We recognize the importance of the development and contribution of digital technologies in safeguarding people’s health and protecting the region from health threats, and enhancing resilience and sustainability of health systems, thereby moving towards Universal Health Coverage.
We commit to bolster competitiveness in the services sector. We recognize the importance of APEC’s work on facilitating trade in environmental related services and enhancing cooperation in green supply chains, supporting the transition to more circular economies. A transition towards more sustainable economic models would foster economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness within APEC economies. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to the Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green Economy and to advancing APEC’s sustainability objectives in the Asia-Pacific region. We also reiterate the importance of integrating inclusivity and sustainability into trade and investment policy as called for by Leaders last year.
We welcome economies’ endeavors to advance connectivity in the APEC region. We remain committed to implementing the APEC Connectivity Blueprint (2015-2025) by strengthening physical, institutional, and people-to-people connectivity as well as take advantage of digital connectivity. We encourage economies to intensify efforts to promote regional, sub-regional and remote area connectivity. We also reaffirm the importance of quality infrastructure development and investment. We encourage economies to facilitate and promote the use of a more inclusive APEC Business Travel Card and welcome economies’ uptake and acceptance of the virtual ABTC.
We reaffirm our commitment to the APEC Food Security Roadmap Towards 2030 focusing on achieving food security across the Asia-Pacific region by promoting open, fair, transparent, productive, sustainable, resilient, innovative, and inclusive agri-food systems. We recognize that there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach to agricultural sustainability. We reaffirm the importance of agricultural productivity, international trade, and prevention and reduction of food loss and waste, in achieving food security, and will increase our efforts to ensuring food security and nutrition. We encourage economies to continue to support efforts that seek to ensure availability and access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food for all, while fulfilling our commitments to address environmental challenges, including climate change, and to promote biodiversity conservation as well as the sustainable use and management of natural resources. Emphasizing the role of fisheries in global food security, we also recognize the importance of combating illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing and marine debris.
We recognize the importance of ensuring energy security, resilience and access to support a sustainable economic growth and development. We recognize that more intensive efforts are needed for economies to accelerate their clean, sustainable, just, affordable, and inclusive energy transitions through various pathways, consistent with global net-zero greenhouse gas emissions / carbon neutrality by or around mid-century, while taking into account the latest scientific developments and different domestic circumstances. We reiterate our efforts to triple renewable energy capacity globally through existing targets and policies as well as demonstrate similar ambition with respect to other zero and low emissions technologies including abatement and removal technologies in line with domestic circumstances by 2030. We also look forward to Energy Ministers to work in defining a new collective aspirational goal for the power sector to increase the share of electricity generated by carbon free and carbon neutral sources while promoting energy efficiency as the first fuel.
We recognize the importance to further integrate action to confront the profound challenges posed by the impacts of climate change, extreme weather, natural disasters, as this is essential in building a sustainable future for the Asia-Pacific region. We recognize the importance of considering energy transition technologies and to promote the financing as appropriate of economic sectors. In support of our region’s efforts to achieve this, we recall our commitment to rationalize and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, while recognizing the importance of providing those in need with essential energy services.
Recognizing the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth and development, we are committed to preventing and fighting corruption, and denying safe haven to corruption offenders and their illicit assets. We welcome the work this year in this regard.
Our stakeholders and business communities bring creativity, dynamism, and energy and remain vital partners in our work. We look forward to further strengthening multi-stakeholder engagement, including with ABAC and Pacific Economic Cooperation Council, as well as through events such as the APEC CEO Summit, and Sustainable Future Forum.
We look forward to the upcoming APEC host years of the Republic of Korea (2025), the People′s Republic of China (2026), and Viet Nam (2027), and we pledge our support to these economies as they advance APEC′s vital work. We also welcome Singapore as the host for APEC 2030. We extend our thanks to the people and city of Lima, and to Peru, for the warm hospitality extended to us.
1. 我們，APEC經濟領導人于2024年11月16日在秘魯利馬舉行會議。APEC的主題是“賦能、包容、增長”，我們將繼續努力實現 APEC 2040 年布城愿景，到 2040 年建立一個開放、充滿活力、有韌性、和平的亞太社區，包括通過實施《新西蘭行動計劃》，以實現我們全體人民的繁榮和未來幾代人。今年，我們在秘魯利馬、阿雷基帕、烏魯班巴、特魯希略和普卡爾帕等城市開展的工作，旨在通過最大限度地增加所有人的機會，同時解決最緊迫的問題，確保我們所有人都能享受包容性經濟增長的好處。經濟挑戰。
2. 前所未有的快速變化繼續塑造著當今世界。它們對調整我們的經濟以利用新機遇同時最大限度地降低其帶來的風險提出了挑戰。在這方面，我們注意到影響貿易和投資、環境（包括氣候變化）、糧食安全和能源安全等領域的重大變化。在此背景下，有效的多邊合作就顯得更加重要。
3. 作為區域經濟合作的首要論壇，以及現代、創新和有效的思想孵化器，APEC為應對本地區面臨的挑戰做出了切實可行的貢獻。堅持亞太經合組織作為一個充滿活力和韌性的對話和經濟合作論壇，基于其自愿、非約束性和建立共識的原則，對我們的經濟體至關重要。我們重申致力于確保亞太地區繼續成為世界上最具活力和互聯互通的地區。
4. 今年，我們在以往成果的基礎上，推動包容、可持續經濟增長議程取得了具體成果。在此背景下，我們歡迎2024年部門會議的部長級審議，并歡迎相應的共識聲明，包括關于婦女與經濟、婦女與貿易、貿易、旅游、能源、糧食安全、衛生、中小企業的共識聲明、礦業、金融、APEC部長級會議。我們還歡迎部長級和高級別會議達成共識的成果，包括《亞太經合組織關于制定和實施亞太地區清潔低碳氫政策框架的政策指南》、《防止和減少亞洲糧食損失和浪費的特魯希略原則》。太平洋地區和財政部長進程的可持續金融倡議。
5. 我們承認自由、開放、公平、非歧視、透明、包容和可預測的貿易和投資環境的重要性，并將繼續努力創造一個自由、開放、公平、非歧視、透明、包容和可預測的貿易和投資環境。我們重申支持以世貿組織為核心、以規則為基礎的多邊貿易體制，并繼續致力于對世貿組織進行必要的改革，以完善其各項職能。我們將繼續建設性地努力全面落實第 13 次部長級會議成果，并回顧我們在第 13 次部長級會議上承諾加快與其他世貿組織成員的討論，以期到 2024 年建立一個可供所有成員使用的全面且運轉良好的爭端解決體系。重申支持世貿組織《漁業補貼協定》迅速生效并完成進一步紀律談判。我們認識到世貿組織多邊和諸邊談判和討論，包括聯合聲明倡議的積極作用。
6. 我們重申致力于推進供應鏈互聯互通框架行動計劃第三階段，加強供應鏈互聯互通，以盡量減少中斷的不利影響，降低成本，促進貿易和投資，以建立安全、有彈性、可持續、包容性的供應鏈，并鼓勵能力建設來支持這些努力。我們將加快全面實施世貿組織貿易便利化協定，通過數字化、自動化、國際標準促進貿易便利化，同時通過現有機制加強邊境機構合作。我們的目標是通過改進單一窗口系統、數字化關鍵流程、促進跨境無紙化貿易來提高貿易的透明度、效率和可靠性，包括通過不同無紙化貿易系統交換信息、電子認證以及電子貿易相關單證（如電子提單、電子發票）的識別。
7. 我們重申并支持以市場為導向、根據APEC布城2040愿景和APA相關集體行動推進亞太地區經濟一體化的承諾。為推進這項工作，我們贊同《伊奇瑪關于亞太自由貿易區（FTAAP）議程新面貌的聲明》，通過該聲明，我們承認之前的文件，并將繼續培育適應性強的區域貿易和投資環境應對新出現的全球挑戰和我們經濟不斷變化的需求。
8. 我們對2024年APEC婦女與經濟論壇（WEF）的召開以及首屆婦女部長和貿易部長聯席會議的召開表示贊賞。我們歡迎這些努力，以加快全面實施拉塞雷納婦女和包容性增長路線圖，并在亞太地區實現性別平等和增強婦女經濟權能。我們認識到制定和實施政策、戰略和結構改革的重要性，以解決性別平等以及不同背景的婦女和女童面臨的多重和不成比例的障礙。我們承認女性在推動各個經濟領域的創新和增長方面做出的重大貢獻，包括 STEM 領域和創意產業以及貿易和創業。我們注意到性別和氣候變化合作的重要性。我們將探索進一步的方式，積極鼓勵制定舉措和戰略，以預防和應對針對所有婦女和女童的性別暴力和歧視。我們認識到賦予那些面臨結構性障礙的人以實現其經濟潛力的重要性。我們還酌情認可土著人民對包容性經濟增長的寶貴貢獻。我們認識到賦予那些面臨結構性障礙的人以實現其經濟潛力的重要性。我們還酌情認可土著人民對包容性經濟增長的寶貴貢獻。我們認識到賦予那些面臨結構性障礙的人以實現其經濟潛力的重要性。我們還酌情認可土著人民對包容性經濟增長的寶貴貢獻。
9. 我們認識到結構性改革對于實現可持續和包容性增長的重要性。我們重申對強化亞太經合組織結構改革議程（EAASR）的承諾，并歡迎在制定“強化和強化亞太經合組織結構改革議程”（SEAASR）2026-2030方面取得的進展。為推進APEC經濟改革議程，我們期待2025年在韓國舉行第四次結構改革部長級會議。
10. 我們歡迎今年分享的倡議、討論、良好做法和經驗，作為“創新和數字化促進向正規經濟和全球經濟轉型”優先事項的一部分，并認識到非正規經濟行為者越來越多地參與正規經濟和全球經濟，可以改善我們經濟體包容性和可持續經濟增長的前景。我們還認識到將所有相關經濟行為者納入正規經濟并使其參與區域和全球市場的重要性。在這方面，我們贊同《促進向正規經濟和全球經濟轉型的利馬路線圖（2025-2040年）》，并期待其從2025年開始進一步實施。
11. 我們認識到，數字化轉型和創新可以成為經濟增長的關鍵驅動力，并為包容性做出積極貢獻，因為它們有助于減少數字鴻溝，包括性別數字鴻溝，使中小微企業變得更具競爭力、專業化和創新性，以支持其融入全球。價值鏈，確保所有經濟參與者都能獲得經濟利益。我們致力于推進亞太經合組織地區的數字化轉型，包括實施亞太經合組織互聯網和數字經濟路線圖（AIDER），認識到其在增強數字互聯互通方面的關鍵作用。根據AIDER，我們將在促進數據流動方面進行合作，同時認識到隱私和個人數據保護的重要性，并加強消費者和企業對數字交易的信任。我們致力于支持一個有利、開放、公平、非歧視、更安全、更包容的數字生態系統。在這方面，我們歡迎支持數字基礎設施、掃盲和技能發展的政策，使全體人民都能充分參與數字經濟并從中受益。我們認識到人工智能 (AI) 在推動創新、促進可持續經濟增長以及改變我們各經濟體日常生活各個方面的潛力。我們期待繼續開展2023年數字月和2024年數字周等舉措，并認識到所做貢獻的價值，包括為縮小APEC地區數字鴻溝所做的努力。在之前工作的基礎上，我們致力于通過促進創新和創造力的政策和計劃來促進知識產權。我們認識到數字技術的發展和貢獻對于保障人民健康、保護該地區免受健康威脅、增強衛生系統的彈性和可持續性、從而實現全民健康覆蓋的重要性。
12. 我們致力于增強服務業的競爭力。我們認識到亞太經合組織在促進環境相關服務貿易、加強綠色供應鏈合作、支持向循環經濟轉型方面所做工作的重要性。向更可持續的經濟模式轉型將促進亞太經合組織經濟體的經濟增長、創新和競爭力。在這方面，我們重申對《曼谷生物循環綠色經濟目標》和推進APEC在亞太地區可持續發展目標的承諾。我們還重申，正如領導人去年所呼吁的那樣，將包容性和可持續性納入貿易和投資政策的重要性。
13. 我們歡迎各經濟體為推進APEC地區互聯互通所做的努力。我們將繼續致力于落實《亞太經合組織互聯互通藍圖（2015-2025）》，加強實體、機構、人文互聯互通，利用數字互聯互通。我們鼓勵各經濟體加大力度促進區域、次區域和邊遠地區互聯互通。我們還重申高質量基礎設施發展和投資的重要性。我們鼓勵各經濟體促進和推廣更具包容性的APEC商務旅行卡的使用，并歡迎各經濟體采用和接受虛擬ABTC。
14. 我們重申對亞太經合組織2030年糧食安全路線圖的承諾，重點是通過促進開放、公平、透明、高效、可持續、有彈性、創新和包容性的農業糧食系統來實現整個亞太地區的糧食安全。我們認識到，沒有“一刀切”的農業可持續發展方法。我們重申農業生產力、國際貿易以及預防和減少糧食損失和浪費對于實現糧食安全的重要性，并將加大力度確保糧食安全和營養。我們鼓勵各經濟體繼續支持努力確保所有人都能獲得安全、營養和充足的食物，同時履行我們應對環境挑戰的承諾，包括氣候變化、促進生物多樣性保護以及自然資源的可持續利用和管理。在強調漁業在全球糧食安全中的作用的同時，我們還認識到打擊非法、不報告和不管制（IUU）捕撈和海洋廢棄物的重要性。
15. 我們認識到確保能源安全、復原力和可及性對于支持可持續經濟增長和發展的重要性。我們認識到，各經濟體需要付出更大努力，通過各種途徑加速清潔、可持續、公正、負擔得起和包容性的能源轉型，與本世紀中葉或前后全球溫室氣體凈零排放/碳中和相一致，同時采取考慮到最新的科學發展和不同的國內情況。我們重申，我們將努力通過現有目標和政策，將全球可再生能源產能提高兩倍，并在其他零排放和低排放技術方面表現出類似的雄心，包括到 2030 年根據國內情況進行減排和清除技術。我們還期待能源部長們共同努力為電力行業制定一個新的集體理想目標，以增加無碳和碳中性能源發電的份額，同時提高能源效率作為第一燃料。
16. 我們認識到進一步整合行動應對氣候變化、極端天氣和自然災害影響帶來的深刻挑戰的重要性，因為這對于建設亞太地區可持續的未來至關重要。我們認識到考慮能源轉型技術和促進經濟部門適當融資的重要性。為了支持我們地區實現這一目標的努力，我們回顧我們的承諾，即合理化和逐步取消鼓勵浪費性消費的低效化石燃料補貼，同時認識到為有需要的人提供基本能源服務的重要性。
17. 認識到腐敗對經濟增長和發展的不利影響，我們致力于預防和打擊腐敗，不為腐敗犯罪分子及其非法資產提供庇護。我們對今年這方面的工作表示歡迎。
18. 我們的利益相關者和商界帶來了創造力、活力和活力，并且仍然是我們工作中的重要合作伙伴。我們期待進一步加強多方利益相關者的參與，包括與ABAC和太平洋經濟合作理事會的參與，以及通過APEC首席執行官峰會和可持續未來論壇等活動。
19. 我們期待即將到來的大韓民國（2025 年）、中華人民共和國（2026 年）和越南（2027 年）主辦 APEC，并承諾為這些經濟體提供支持，幫助他們推動 APEC 的發展。至關重要的工作。我們也歡迎新加坡主辦2030年APEC會議。我們感謝利馬人民和利馬市以及秘魯對我們的熱情接待。
